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Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a health condition that occurs when the kidneys become damaged due to long-term diabetes. It is also known as diabetic nephropathy. It is a serious complication of diabetes and is currently the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States.
Causes
The most common cause of diabetic kidney disease is long-term diabetes. People with diabetes tend to have higher levels of blood sugar, which can damage the tiny blood vessels in the kidney. This damage causes scarring and can lead to kidney failure. Other factors that can increase the risk of diabetic kidney disease include high blood pressure, smoking, and being overweight.
Symptoms
Early stages of diabetic kidney disease may not cause any symptoms at all. However, as the condition progresses, it can cause the following symptoms:
Diagnosis
The doctor will first ask about your medical history, including any risk factors for diabetic kidney disease. They may also order blood and urine tests, imaging tests, and a kidney biopsy.
Treatment
Treatment for diabetic kidney disease typically includes medications to control blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels. These medications can help slow the progression of the disease and reduce the risk of complications. Other treatments may include diet and lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking. In some cases, dialysis or a kidney transplant may be needed.
